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Understanding the Procedure of Total Knee Replacement (TKR): Step-by-Step Guide

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Introduction to TKR

Total knee replacement, also called TKR, is a common surgery. Many people need it when knee pain makes daily life hard. The procedure of TKR replaces a damaged knee joint with an artificial one. This surgery helps reduce pain and improve movement. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), TKR is safe and effective for many patients. If you want to know what happens during TKR, this guide will help you understand each step.

Who Needs TKR?

Not everyone with knee pain needs surgery. However, some people benefit from TKR more than others. Usually, doctors suggest TKR if:

  • You have severe knee pain or swelling
  • Other treatments, like medicine or therapy, do not help
  • Your knee pain limits walking, climbing stairs, or daily tasks
  • Your knee is stiff or deformed
  • You have arthritis that damages the knee joint

    • For many, orthopedic surgery for knee replacement is the last option after trying other treatments.

    Preparing for the Procedure

    Before the procedure of TKR, your doctor will check your health. First, you may need blood tests, X-rays, or an ECG. Next, you will talk about your medicines and allergies. Sometimes, you may need to stop certain medicines before surgery. Your doctor will also explain the total knee replacement surgery steps. In addition, you may meet with a physical therapist to learn exercises. These steps help you get ready for a safe surgery and smooth recovery.

    Step-by-Step TKR Procedure

    Many people wonder what happens during TKR. Here is a simple step-by-step guide:

  • Anesthesia: First, you get medicine to make you sleep or numb your leg.
  • Incision: Next, the surgeon makes a cut on the front of your knee.
  • Removing Damaged Tissue: The surgeon removes damaged bone and cartilage from your knee joint.
  • Placing the Implant: Then, the doctor fits metal and plastic parts to form the new knee joint.
  • Closing the Incision: After that, the surgeon closes the cut with stitches or staples.
  • Bandaging: Finally, your knee is covered with a bandage to protect it.

    • The whole surgery usually takes one to two hours. Most people stay in the hospital for a few days after the procedure.

    Recovery and Aftercare

    After TKR, recovery is very important. You will start moving your knee soon after surgery. Physical therapy helps you regain strength and movement. In most cases, you will use a walker or crutches at first. Over time, you will walk more easily. Your doctor will give you pain medicine and instructions for caring for your knee. It is important to follow these steps for the best results.

    Risks and Complications

    Like all surgeries, TKR has some risks. However, most people recover well. Possible risks include:

  • Infection at the surgery site
  • Blood clots in the leg
  • Stiffness or pain in the knee
  • Implant problems, such as loosening
  • Nerve or blood vessel injury (rare)

    • Your doctor will discuss these risks with you before surgery. According to the CDC, serious problems are rare with modern techniques.

    Tips for a Successful Recovery

    Good recovery after TKR needs effort and care. Here are some tips:

  • Follow your doctor’s advice closely
  • Do all recommended exercises
  • Keep your wound clean and dry
  • Eat healthy foods to help healing
  • Watch for signs of infection, like redness or fever
  • Attend all follow-up visits

    • With these steps, you can improve your chances of a smooth recovery.

    Frequently Asked Questions

  • How long does a knee replacement last?
  • Most knee implants last 15 to 20 years or more.
  • When can I walk after TKR?
  • Usually, you start walking with help the day after surgery.
  • Is TKR very painful?
  • You may feel pain at first, but medicine and therapy help manage it.
  • Can I return to normal activities?
  • Yes, most people return to daily tasks within 3 to 6 months.
  • Are there alternatives to TKR?
  • Other treatments include medicine, injections, or less invasive surgery. Your doctor can explain your options.

    • Consult an orthopedic specialist at Dr. Hemanth Nandipeti‘s clinic for personalized advice about TKR.