Shoulder Arthroscopy: Procedure, Benefits, Recovery, and Risks

What Is Shoulder Arthroscopy?

Shoulder arthroscopy is a type of minimally invasive shoulder surgery. Doctors use it to look inside your shoulder joint and treat problems. During this procedure, a surgeon inserts a small camera, called an arthroscope, through tiny cuts in your skin. Because the cuts are small, healing is often faster than with open surgery. Many people choose shoulder arthroscopy for shoulder pain treatment when other options do not help.

Common Reasons for Shoulder Arthroscopy

Doctors may suggest shoulder arthroscopy for several reasons. For example, it can help when you have ongoing pain or trouble moving your shoulder. Some common reasons include:

  • Rotator cuff tears
  • Shoulder impingement (when tissue gets pinched)
  • Labrum tears (damage to the cartilage)
  • Shoulder instability or frequent dislocations
  • Removing loose pieces of bone or cartilage
  • Treating frozen shoulder
  • Often, doctors try other treatments first, such as rest, physical therapy, or medicine. However, if these do not work, shoulder arthroscopy may be the next step.

    How the Procedure Is Performed

    First, you will receive anesthesia to keep you comfortable. Next, the surgeon makes small cuts around your shoulder. Then, a tiny camera goes into one cut, letting the doctor see inside the joint on a screen. Special tools go through the other cuts to fix the problem. Because the cuts are small, there is less damage to healthy tissue. Most shoulder arthroscopies take about one to two hours. After the surgery, you will rest in a recovery area until you wake up fully.

    Benefits of Shoulder Arthroscopy

    Shoulder arthroscopy offers many benefits compared to open surgery. For instance, you may heal faster and have less pain. Here are some key benefits:

  • Smaller cuts and scars
  • Less pain after surgery
  • Lower risk of infection
  • Shorter hospital stay (often same-day discharge)
  • Faster return to daily activities
  • According to the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, most people return to light activities within a few weeks. However, full recovery may take several months, depending on the problem treated.

    Risks and Potential Complications

    Although shoulder arthroscopy is generally safe, every surgery has some risks. It is important to know what could happen. Some possible risks include:

  • Infection at the surgery site
  • Bleeding or blood clots
  • Stiffness or loss of motion
  • Nerve or blood vessel injury
  • Pain that does not go away
  • However, serious problems are rare. Studies show that less than 1% of people have major complications after minimally invasive shoulder surgery. Still, you should talk to your doctor about any concerns.

    Recovery and Aftercare Tips

    After shoulder arthroscopy, recovery is important. Your doctor will give you instructions to help you heal well. Here are some helpful tips:

  • Keep your arm in a sling as directed
  • Take pain medicine as prescribed
  • Apply ice packs to reduce swelling
  • Follow your physical therapy plan
  • Keep the surgery area clean and dry
  • Watch for signs of infection, such as redness or fever
  • Usually, you can start gentle movements within a few days. However, full shoulder arthroscopy recovery may take several weeks to months. Following your doctor’s advice helps you get the best results.

    When to Consult an Orthopedic Surgeon

    If you have ongoing shoulder pain or trouble moving your arm, it may be time to see a specialist. For example, if rest and medicine don’t help, an orthopedic surgeon like Dr. Hemanth Nandipati can evaluate your shoulder. They may suggest tests or discuss options like shoulder arthroscopy. Early treatment often leads to better outcomes.

    In summary, shoulder arthroscopy is a safe and effective way to treat many shoulder problems. It offers faster healing and less pain than open surgery. However, every person is different. Consult Dr. Hemanth Nandipati for personalized advice about shoulder arthroscopy.